BALL AND RING APPARATUS 1301
A brass ball 25mm dia with a metal chain attached to wooden handle which holds a metal ring on a rod. Cool Ball passes through the ring but hot will not pass through.

HEAT CONDUCTOMETER 1302
A) Five different metal spikes, aluminum, steel, brass, copper and nickel, extend from a center hub, and are connected to a wooden handle.
b) The hub is heated and the students watch as wax falls from each spoke in the order of conductivity.
C) Includes wax and instructions.
D) (12" x 8"; .4Ib).

RING AND BALL, GRAVESANDE 1303
An apparatus for demonstrating thermal expansion, comprising a brass ball 25 mm dia., with rings adjustable mounted on a tripod base.

BAR AND GAUGE 1304
A brass casted gauge with wooden handle sliding fit over ends of a bar 110 x 12mm dia. The gauge has two holes of l2mm. dia. in both the arms. The bar is held by a metal rod fixed into a wooden handle.

BAR BREAKING APPARATUS 1305
To show the force of contraction or expansion. A heavy cast iron base with 4 uprights, an iron rod one end of which is screwed by a hand nut. The other end is drilled with holes to carry a 75 x 6mm cast iron rod bearing against narrow flats.

RESISTANCE THERMOMETER PLATINUM 1306
For showing the principles of platinum resistance thermometry and for accurate temperature measurement using a bridge method such as ‘Cary-Foster’ bridge. The thermometer comprises a length of fine platinum wire of about 2ohms resistance, would non-inductively on a mica frame and soldered to stout copper leads. A pair of compensating leads are provided, all four leads being connected to 4mm socket terminals. Since the connections are soft soldered, this resistance thermometer is suitable for temperatures up to about 150°C only and for low temperature work.

THERMOSCOPE ETHER 1307
For detecting thermal radiation. With bulbs approx. 33mm diameter, one bulb painted matt black. Apparatus partially evacuated, mounted on wooden stand.

HYPSOMETER 1308
To determine the upper fixed point of thermometers and boiling points at barometer pressure. Comprises an upper boiling vessel with a steam jacketed inner tube. A lid with a tubular projection is provided which holds the thermometer in a rubber bung. A side outlet draining tube and a glass manometric tube mounted in a tubular with bung. Made of copper sheet. Size 300 x 75mm dia.

HOPE’S APPARATUS 1309
Made of GI sheet 50mm dia x 300mm height mounted on a base having 2 tube inlets for thermometers, with a gallery of 60mm Ht. x 150mm dia. for placing mixture of ice and salt. Complete with bungs and thermometers.

EXPANSION APPARATUS 1310
Comprising two iron casted stand of 180 mm height joined by 2 chrome plated rods, with an expansion rod, length 380 mm, fixed on one stand and resting on a Friction Pointer placed at the other. With graduated scale 0-90 with 3 expansion bars of Iron, Aluminium and Brass.

LINEAR EXPANSION APPARATUS 1311
A 50cm long 2.5cm dia brass nickel plated pipe with inlet and outlet tubes for steam and an opening for thermometer is fitted with a metal rod and is held on a metal frame work. The expansion of the metal rod is recorded by a spherometer. Two 4mm socket terminals are provided for connection to buzzer to ensure the exact contact with point of screw. Supplied with three different metal experiment rods.

PRECISION LINEAR EXPANSION APPARATUS 1312
Ideal for collage level. Allows students to determine the coefficient of expansion for a variety of metals and is 10 times more accurate than other models. Designed with a dial indicator gauge that has high-contrast numerals sensitive to 1/100 mm and a heat shield between the tube and base to ensure accurate reading. Unit comes completely assembled and includes 4 expansion rods (steel, brass, aluminium, copper).

COMPOUND STRIPS 1315
For demonstrating the differential expansion of two different metals. One each brass and iron plates 350mmx35mm riveted together from end to end with wooden handle.

COMPOUND ROD WOOD & METAL 1316
For showing the difference in conductivity. Rod 300 x 18 mm length x dia. half of which is of brass and half of polished wood joined together.

EXPANSION OF LIQUIDS APPARATUS 1317
For demonstrating the different thermal expansion of various liquids.Comprising five bulb tubes with plastic scales, mounted in a frame and supported in water trough 240 x 108 x 77 mm deep.The frame has clamps to secure it to the trough and two cross members, the lower cross member having holes, and the upper, tubules to locate the bulb tubes.Dimensions overall 240 x 115 x 460 mm high approx. Bulb dia. 35 mm Bulb stem 400 mm, Scale 0-25 cm in millimeter.

CHARLE’S LAW APPARATUS 1318
Glass U-tube 14mm dia with one plane limb 22cm long and one graduated limb, overall length 12 cm. Limb graduated 25-35ml x 0.2ml terminating in a bulb 37mm diameter with third limb 18.5 cm x 6 mm length x bore, joined at right angles to the plain of the other two. Short length of rubber tubing with two pinch clips on short length of glass tubing mounted in end of wide bore plain limb with rubber bung. With tall form Corning glass beaker 800 ml. capacity and stirrer, but without thermometer.

CONSTANT VOLUME AIR THERMOMETER 1319
Consists of a polished teakwood stand approx. 750mm height fitted with a wooden scale reading from 0 to 60cm x 1mm and supporting an adjustable mercury reservoir by a metal rod. A detachable air thermometer bulb about 70mm dia, connected via three way stopcock to mercury tube with zero index fused inside its upper end. A metal vessel surrounding the bulb supported by detachable metal shelf mounted on insulating asbestos screen. Mounted on a teakwood stand with a deep tray which serves to catch any mercury which has accidentally spilled from the reservoir. Supplied complete with one meter of rubber pressure tubing l0mm O.D. 1x5 mm bore for connecting the reservoir to the bulb (about 750gm of mercury is required) without mercury.

REGNAULT’S HYGROMETER SIMPLE 1320
For determining the dew point comprising a glass tube 150x25 mm with polished silver thimble closed bottom of the tube and the upper end by a rubber bung. The bung has 2 glass air tubes with right angled bends. One tube ending just below the bung, the other reaching nearly to the bottom of the thimble and a hole for thermometer which reads 10 to 50ºCx0.5ºC.

ABSOLUTE EXPANSION OF MERCURY APPARATUS (Dulong & Petit’s) 1321
For the determination of the Co-efficient of absolute expansion of mercury. The lengths of glass tubing with vertical limbs contained with in glass jackets approx. 460 x 25 mm height x dia., closed by bungs and fitted with inlet and outlet tubes. Upper ends of the vertical limbs angled on emergence from the jackets to produce two short, adjacent limbs placed against a silvered glass scale 0 to 12 cm x 1 mm. Mounted on stand 610 x 230 mm height x width Overall height approx. 750 mm without mercury.

STEAM GENERATOR 1322
Copper, cylindrical vessel 280 x 115 mm overall height x diameter, capacity 1.5 liters, neck 23 mm dia. With riffled side tube 9.5 mm maximum outer dia. and water gauge.

STEAM HEATER 1323
A cylindrical copper vessel 175 x l00mm having a filling tube terminating in a chute passing through a side of the vessel. A brass tube sliding fits in the central tube to carry a thermometer lower end cut at an angle to seal the chute.

EDSERS APPARATUS 1324
A copper cylindrical vessel of 105 x 85 mm is fitted with 5 different rods of copper, brass, iron, aluminium, & zinc. All rods 150 x 3 mm & each having adjustable index mark at its base.

CONDUCTIVITY APPARATUS 1325
Comprises four metal strips of copper, brass, aluminium and iron of 100 x l5mm size having cavities at outer ends screwed on a wooden ring 125mm dia meeting in the center.

INGEN-HAUZ APPARATUS 1326
Comprises a metal tank 150 x 90 x 100mm L x B x H has six orifices on one side through which 100 x 3mm L X H dia metal rods of different metals pass. The outer end of each rod has a cavity to support wax.

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY KIT 1327
A set of 5 different metals, material rods of size 250x3 mm length x dia of copper, brass, aluminium iron and borosilicate glass. Set consists of 8 rods each packed in a card box.

METAL BLOCK CALORIMETER 1328
For the experimental determination of the specific heat capacity of different metals. Cylindrical metal blocks, mass 1kg adjusted to an accuracy of ±2%. Each block is drilled with two holes, a large central hole, 12.5mm diameter, for a special immersion heater and a smaller hole, 7.5mm diameter, for a thermometer or temperature sensor.

CALORIMETER STIRRER 1329
In 3mm copper wire, with plastic handle at upper end of stirrer and loop at bottom 150 x 48mm. Available in Copper and Alunimum.

CALORIMETER 1330
A copper calorimeter 75 x 50mm fitted with bakelite top cover with a hole for thermometer and two terminals for connecting to a heating coil and a stirrer of copper wire.

CALORIMETER SET 1331
Consisting of a spun copper cylinder 75 x 50mm dia contained within a large 75mm dia x 100mm aluminium outer vessel with l0mm of insulating material in between. Supplied with bung for thermometer, a stirrer and an adjustable thermometer support clip.

JOULE’S CALORIMETER 1332
Comprises a nickel plated 50mm dia x 75mm copper vessel housed in wooden box fitted with bakelite top with a hole for thermometer and two terminals connected to a heating coil. A thermometer support clip is provided on a rod fitted to the wooden box.

CONTINUOUS FLOW CALORIMETER 1333
For determining the specific heat of water or similar liquid. Consists of a glass tube 100 mm long with heating element (electric wire). Two screw terminals are provided at the ends of the tube for electric supply. The horizontal tube is connected by means of rubber bungs to the inlet & outlet system. Each having a vertical expansion to accommodate the thermometer. A stream of water is made to flow through the glass tube & heated by the spiral by passing electric current. With the help of an adjustable constant boil tank, the rate of flow is kept constant. The rise in temperature of water is measured by two thermometers. The whole apparatus is mounted on a polished wooden base approx. 625 x 130 mm in size. Supplied with thermometer.

LATENT HEAT OF STEAM APPARATUS 1334
Comprising a thick brass calorimeter, a bung with steam inlet and outlet glass tubes, a felt cover, complete with 2 liter tin plate boiler with bung to take the steam tube which connects to the calorimeter.

FRICTION CALORIMETER UNIT 1335
Comprising a brass cylinder, internal size 27 x 16 mm diameter, with an integral V pulley in the base of the cylinder & a 6 mm wide steel shaft which fits into a bearing block. A vertical pillar carries the cork lined friction arms & thermometer support. Dimensions of laminated wooden base 155 x 105 mm.

CYLINDERS SET EQUAL IN SIZE 1336
A set of 6 metal cylinders 40x10 mm dia of copper, brass, iron, zinc, lead and aluminium, packed in card box. Each is drilled for suspension.

CYLINDERS SET EQUAL IN MASS 1337
A set of 6 metals copper, brass, aluminium, zinc, iron and lead of 100 gms ±10% each and are drilled for suspension.

ETHER THERMOSCOPE 1338
For determining thermal radiation with bulb 30mm dia approx. one bulb painted matt black. Partially evacuated.

SEARLE'S APPARATUS 1340
Cylindrical copper rod 300 mm length 25 mm dia., one end containing a steam chamber connected to inlet and outlet tubes, other end of copper rod has cavity connected via thermometer pockets to water inlet and outlet tubes. Through two thermometers support tubes 75 mm apart are inserted in the rod for finding the temperature at two points. Fitted in teakwood polished case packed with felt with removable front, WITHOUT thermometers.

CROOKES RADIOMETER SINGLE 1341
Evacuated glass bulb of approx. 70mm dia having fine pivot at its center which supports four light-weight vane of mica l0mm square approximately and blackened on one surface. Mounted on a backelite stand. When exposed to sunlight or bright lamp, the rotor rotates rapidly.

CROOKES RADIOMETER DOUBLE 1342
Construction is same as above but having two bulbs with 2 sets of vane, when exposed to sunlight the vanes rotate in opposite directions.

THERMOCOUPLE SIMPLE 1344
To show production of a thermostatic e.m.f. Two wires of copper and constantan 300 mm long joined together at one end.

LEE'S THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY APPARATUS 1345
For determining the relative conductivity of bad conductor material. Consists of a cylindrical slab of brass 115 mm in diameter & 12 mm thick drilled to take thermometer. On this rests a 50 mm deep steam chest of the same diameter with inlet & outlet tubes for steam. The apparatus is suspended by strings attached to the lower end of the cylinder with thermometer. On retort stand with rectangular base 200x125 mm & rod 600 mm long. Complete with one each disc specimens, glass & plastic 3 mm & 1.5 mm thick respectively. For determining the conductivity of liquids.

LEE'S DISC APPARATUS 1346
For measuring thermal conductivity of poor conductors. The apparatus is capable of a high degree of accuracy & consists of three cylindrical blocks of aluminium 50 mm diameter x 12.5 mm thick, drilled radially to take thermometers. Between the first 7 second block is inserted a small 4 to 6 V electric heater, sandwiched between mica sheets of known resistance. The test specimen, in the form of a thin disc is inserted between the second & third blocks & the whole is clamped together by an insulating clamp. The assembly is supported upon a sheet metal stand 118 x 70 x 90 mm high notched to locate the clamp rods. Supplied complete with stand.

THERMOPILE COPPER IRON 1348
Four each of copper and iron wires 125mm long joined together to form 7 points, four on one side and three on the other, with brass connections on the outer wires.

THERMOCOUPLE BISMUTH AND ANTIMONY 1349
One Bismuth and one Antimony Bars 60x5x2 mm joined in V form at one end and mounted on a wooden board 50x70mm with copper connecting wires.

THERMOPILE 1350
Consists of 24 pairs of bismuth and antimony bars connected in series and arranged in the form of a rectangular pile with the junctions equally divided between the two ends. The pile is mounted in a cylindrical housing provided with 4 mm socket terminals mounted with a rod on a heavy metal base. A removable brass nickeled funnel is provided to fit over the ends of the pile.

HANDWHEEL DRIVING UNIT 1352
The driving and output pulleys are both 75mm diameter, and the intermediate pulley is 20mm diameter giving a step up ratio of 3.75. Mounted on base. Dimensions of laminated wooden base 155 x 105mm.

VENTILATION APPARATUS 1354
For demonstration of convection of Gases. Comprising a metal box 250x75x75mm length x width x height with a removable glass front and 2 detachable glass chimneys mounted in clips.

DEMO GAS OR PETROL ENGINE4 STROKE 1356
Represents a typical air cooled, side-valve four-stroke petrol engine with the operation of the valves clearly evident, cams being driven by a gear train from rear of the main crank. As with the two-storke model, simulated spark plug uses a small lamp to indicate the firing point. Screw terminals are provided for connection to 3 Volts battery. Cross-section of carburetor is shown. Mounted on base, with printed diagram showing working.

TWO-STROKE DIESEL ENGINE 1358
A model of two-stroke diesel engine similar as above. Ignition is shown by means of a miniature bulb. Fuel supply is also sectioned. With hand crank, provided for manual operation. Mounted on base, with printed diagram showing working.

FOUR-STROKE DIESEL ENGINE 1359
A model of four-stroke water-cooled diesel engine. This is of the chain-driven overhead camshaft type. And all functional components like camshaft, rocker-arms, tappets etc. are clearly demonstrated. The functioning of fuel injection system is also represented. Ignition is shown by means of a miniature bulb. Mounted on base, with printed diagram showing working.

GAS TURBINE/TURBOJET ENGINE 1360
The section cut model is constructed of light and strong metal showing air intake, axial flow, double stage compressor, fuel supply, combustion chamber, turbine rotar, jet thrust, exhaust etc. Complete on base, with printed diagram showing working.

WANKEL ENGINE 1361
The model demonstrates the principle operation. It is cut way to show the internal constructional details. Unlike other engines the rotary piston engine avoids reciprocating parts. The power piston is an arch like triangular rotar which on rotating generates an epitrechoid. Mounted on base, with printed diagram showing working.

HERO'S ENGINE (EOLIPILE) 1364
A functional glass model of the earliest form of steam turbine. Comprising a borosilicate glass bulb 70 mm diameter approximately, with side arms bent at right angles and formed into jets at their tips. The bulb is carried upon a metal stand which leaves it free to rotate about its horizontal axis. If about 25 to 30 cm3 of water are introduced into the bulb and boiled the issuing steam causes rapid rotation. Supplied complete on stand but WITHOUT burner. Dimensions of base 180 x 120 mm.
A. Spare glass Bulb for above.
B. As above, but supplied with wooden stand.

SOLAR CELL AND MOTOR 1365
Solar High-power silicon cell converts light directly into electricity to operate motor. Exceptionally high output, 1/2 V with 40 to 50 milliamperes current output in bright sunlight. Solar cell approximately 6.4cm2 with plastic diffusing lens and protective mounting. Motor with special anti-friction bearings revolves 20 to 400 times per minute in bright light with small propeller attached to shaft.

TURBINE/PUMP UNIT 1366
Comprising a rotor 40mm diameter has eight bucket blades and is housed in a block turbine chamber 50x50x25 mm, with a clear Perspex front. Two inlet tubules (for turbine and pump operation respectively) and one outlet tubule are provided and the shaft carries a 15 mm diameter pulley.

DEMONSTRATION GAS ENGINE 4 STROKE 1367
A one cylinder, 4 cycled and double valve system gas engine, showing all the operations including intake, compression, explosion, exhaust, advanced and retarded spark etc. A lamp (3 volts) indicates the spark plug, with battery, fitted on wooden polished base. Overall Dimensions: 250 x 140 x 150 mm length x width x height approx.

DIESEL ENGINE 1368
All parts made in aluminium alloy and gun metal. Ignition is shown by means of a miniature bulb. Fuel supply also sectioned. With crank handle for manual operation. Fitted on polished wooden base. Overall height about 43cm.

STEAM ENGINE SECTIONAL DEMONSTRATION MODEL 1369
Locomotive design showing cross section of the piston and sliding valve as positioned in the steam chamber (cylinder), clearly visible through air tight glass front and movement of these parts are smooth enough to demonstrate working even by blowing. Other parts are also clearly visible such as crank-shaft, valve control, drive wheel etc. All brass parts (except fly wheel) are C.F, mounted on heavy metal base synthetic hammer finish. Overall dimensions: 375 x 95 x 160 mm length x width x height approx.

STEAM ENGINE FACTORY MODEL 1370
Capable of running a small dynamo to light the lamp with the help of its fly wheel and driving gear. Complete-with pressure gauge, whistle and safety valve. The model is mounted on thick metal sheet base synthetic hammer finish. Overall Dimensions: 410 x 325 x 370 mm length x width x height approx.

STEAM ENGINE (SMALL) 1371
Demonstration working model with oscillating cylinder, safety valve and whistle, mounted on metal base with spirit lamp with wick. Overall Dimensions: 195 x 145 x 170 mm length x width x height approx.
The above list does not include the entire range of instruments available, please feel free to request other items throughout this field.

HERO’S ENGINE 1372-a
Illustrates the principles behind the world's oldest steam engine. It is constructed of sturdy metal and is supported by a weighted stand that eliminates the problems of hanging chains and breakable glass flasks. Fill half full of water and gently heat with Bunsen burner to observe rotation as steam escapes from the jets mounted on the sides of the boiler.

HERO’S ENGINE 1372-b
Flask form. Demonstrates the principle of the steam engine and jet propulsion. When a small amount of water is heated in the flask, the steam produced is ejected from holes in the jet assembly, causing the flask to rotate. Consists of a 250ml flask suspended from a chain with swivel attachment, rubber stopper, and jet assembly.

THERMOMETERS, MERCURY, WHITE SHELL BACKED 1384
Mercury in glass, with white enameled back, 5/7 mm diameter with reinforced bulbs. Packed in cardboard case.

	Range	Graduation	Lenght
(a)	0 to 50ºC	1º	300mm
(b)	-10 to 110ºC	1º	300mm
(c)	-10 to 110ºC	½º	300mm
(d)	0 to 150ºC	1º	300mm
(e)	0 to 200ºC	1º	300mm
(f)	0 to 250ºC	1º	300mm
(g)	0 to 300ºC	1º	300mm
(h)	0 to 360ºC	2º	300mm
(i)	0 to 400ºC	2º	300mm
(j)	0 to 120ºF	1º	300mm
(k)	0 to 220ºF	1º	300mm
(l)	0 to 250ºF	1º	300mm
(f)	0 to 400ºF	2º	300mm

THERMOMETER, RED SPIRIT FILLED 1386

	Range	Graduation	Lenght
(a)	0 to 50ºC	1º	300mm
(b)	0 to 50ºC	½º	300mm
(c)	-10 to 110ºC	½º	300mm
(d)	0 to 150ºC	1º	300mm
(e)	0 to 120ºF	1º	300mm
(f)	0 to 400ºF	1º	300mm

THERMOMETER, WALL, CELSIUS AND FAHRENHEIT 1388
Comprises red spirit filled magnifying lens tube in wooden frame with black engraved markings and figures. Range: -20º to +50ºCx1ºC, -20ºF to 120ºFx2ºF.
a. As above, but scale printed on aluminium sheet which is fixed on wooden base.
b. As above, but scale printed on plastic, made of all plastic.

HEAT TRANSFER KIT 1392
Used to observe and measure heat transfer. Consists of 2 insulated containers with lids, an aluminum transfer bar, thermometer, and instructions.

RADIATION KIT 1393
Used to examine heat absorption of light verus dark surfaces. Consists of 6-oz black metal can, 6-oz shiny metal can, 2 insulating lids, 2 thermometers (-20 to 50°C), 110V AC clamp lamp with reflector, 200-W bulb and instructions.

STEAM TRAP GLASS 1394
Improved form, overall length 160mm. Made from Corning Glass.

STEAM TRAP GLASS 1395
Cylindrical, fitted with rubber bungs on both ends with tubes. Made from Corning Glass.

CONVECTION TUBE 1396
To show the convection of heat in a liquid. Glass tube 20 mm outer diameter bent into rectangle shape and fitted with filing funnel on top. Made of Borosilicate glass. Size approx. 380 x 300 mm and 200 x150 mm.

IMMERSION HEATER 1397
12 volts, 50 watts heater specially designed for use with metal block calorimeter. Electrical connection is via 30cm leads with heat resisting insulation, terminating in 4mm sockets.

LESLIE'S CUBE 1398
Tinplate box with 130 mm sides. The vertical faces of the box are blackened, roughened, varnished, and polished respectively. The top opening is 75 mm dia. and is fitted with a lid. The apparatus is filled with water maintained at boiling point by a low Bunsen flame. Infra red sensors may be used to compare the relative radiant heat output from each of the four faces.

PAIR OF CONCAVE SPHERICAL MIRRORS 1399
For reflection of heat experiments dia. 150 mm, the mirrors are of spun brass/S.S, duly polished giving mirror look.